ISASS Recommendations and Coverage Criteria for Bone Graft Substitutes used in Spinal Surgery CELESTE ABJORNSON, PHD,1 ANTONIO BRECEVICH, MD,1 TUCKER CALLANAN, MS,1 CHRISTINA DOWE, BS,1 FRANK P. CAMMISA, JR, MD,1 MORGAN P. LORIO, MD, FACS2 1Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, 2Hughston Clinic Orthopaedics, Nashville, Tennessee INTRODUCTION Over the past 3 decades, there has been an increased interest in bone grafting materials as these materials have become a vital part of most spinal procedures. Unlike other areas of orthopedics, spinal surgery often requires grafting procedures to induce de novo bone in an area stabilized by metal devices. When considering potential graft materials, assuming an adequate blood supply, it is important to note that a successful graft needs
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